A good raspberry crop can be obtained only if the gardener can timely prevent the appearance of diseases and pests on his favorite shrub. However, if it was not possible to avoid sabotage, effective measures must be taken to eliminate the problem. About the most common pests and diseases of raspberries, as well as methods of control - more.
Raspberry Pests
Today, among raspberry pests, several dozen insect species (aphids, cicadas, glass-cases, raspberry flies, etc.) can be distinguished. However, even experienced gardeners and gardeners do not know how to deal with them correctly and effectively. Often using chemicals, berries absorb them and become unsafe for consumption.
In order to learn how to cope with insects, you need to know their nature and weaknesses. After all, often their appearance is provoked by an abundance of weeds or poor-quality plant care.
Raspberry beetle
As a result of poor-quality care, and the presence of various weeds along the perimeter of the territory and next to the raspberry bush, a raspberry beetle may appear. In the people it is known as "raspberry", has a small size and brown hair.
It is not easy to get rid of it, but this is possible if the spread of larvae is prevented in time. For the first time, they appear in the soil at a depth of not more than 10 cm, where weeds germinate. As soon as the beetle larva gains strength by eating pollen, it moves to a more tasty object - a raspberry bush.
The beetle first absorbs the berries that grow closest to the ground. Therefore, if the gardener noticed small holes in the berries or the presence of small bugs on the leaves - this is an occasion to start to sound the alarm. The easiest way to get rid of the bug, until he gained strength. A pest can spoil more than 15% of the crop.
However, this is not the only dangerous raspberry beetle. Due to damage to leaves and fruits, the plant makes efforts to restore them, which can lead to a decrease in the volume of berries in the future. Moreover, the beetle is able to preserve larvae, so the attack can be transmitted to the next season.
Raspberry kidney moth
Recognizing a raspberry kidney moth is not difficult - it is a small insect with the main difference in the form of a yellow head. Color alternates with yellow and black stripes. The size of an adult caterpillar is from 9 to 12 mm, has a red tint.
The insect can survive the winter, so if you can not get rid of it right away, the crop will be spoiled by the pest in the next season. The caterpillar appears already in early March, with the arrival of the first heat, and the butterfly - with the appearance of the first flowers.
Raspberry and strawberry weevil
A small black bug with a long nose affects raspberries at the flowering stage. An elongated nose allows the bug to extract precious nectar. After its activity, berries may not appear. The main activity of the larvae falls for a short period from May to June.
Early grades fall into the risk zone:
- raspberries;
- wild strawberries;
- blackberries;
- dogwood.
It is better to get rid of the pest even at the stage of flowering of the plant, since the larvae are weakened and are not fully formed. A sign of the appearance of a bug is small punctures and black dots on the leaves and buds.
Ticks
Ticks affect shrubs in all regions, wherever the berry grows. Leaf-mite loves most of all the temperate climate, in the risk zone of greenhouses and small greenhouses. The tick loves dampness and moisture, therefore protected plantations must be properly ventilated.
The insect is difficult to identify, often its activity is disguised as a leaf mosaic. The first sign of the tick is visible by May. Small bright specks appear on the leaves. Activity Result:
- Leaves and fruits noticeably decrease in volume.
- Leaves begin to fade and fall in July.
- The bush, if left untreated, dies by August.
The main danger of the tick is that it is able to be transported through the garden with the wind. Eliminated in one place, it will arise in another. In this case, a comprehensive pest extermination measure is needed.
Raspberry fly
Often appears in the place where the young berry bush is located. In appearance, it is more like a simple midge, the length of the body does not exceed 7 mm. First, the stem of a young plant is affected, which leads to the death of the entire shrub. After the destruction of a young plant, lays larvae 5 mm in size in areas of a strong plant.
The insect is able to stand a colossal decrease in temperature in sleep mode, so you need to deal with the pest right away. To achieve the best effect, chemical pollination and drugs before flowering are used.
Raspberry stem or shoot gall midge
It is difficult to notice the appearance of this pest due to its small size of 1-2 mm. Therefore, the problem can be recognized only by the external painful signs of the plant. The main feature of the pest is laying eggs in places where there is little damage. Often, the stem falls into the risk zone, which leads to the death of the whole bush.
The appearance time is the end of August, you can track by the premature fall of the leaves. The only way to fight is to cut off the affected areas, since the insect can survive the cold.
Raspberry glass
It is popularly known as the "garden gourmet", the main difference is the blue wings. Very similar to raspberry moth, has an elongated body shape. Females have only three alternating stripes of yellow and black. They are the main and dangerous pest, as they lay more than 100 larvae in the stem and soil. The reason for the appearance is damaged branches of raspberries.
Usually an insect appears in July.
Cicadas
One of the common raspberry pests is a white circadian. The insect is able to destroy crops and bushes in one season. It is not difficult to detect the presence, a white coating appears on the leaves and fruits. The main difference is that if it appeared on one culture, in a short period the whole garden and garden will be infected.
Scientists annually sound the alarm about the increasing population of the circadian plant. Therefore, it is necessary to prepare in advance the means to combat it. Often affects crops such as:
- Apple tree;
- figs;
- raspberry;
- pear;
- gooseberry;
- currant.
Raspberry disease
Raspberry diseases are no less dangerous than pests. Often it is the painful condition of the shrub that causes the appearance of insects. In order to avoid the complete extermination of the crop, you need to know about the most common diseases of raspberries.
Verticillus wilting
The disease is difficult to detect due to the complexity of the symptoms. The main reason for the appearance is damage to the root system. This can be caused by both the larvae of dangerous pests and the careless care of the gardener himself.
The first sign of the disease is that the leaves curl and lose color. Easy to confuse with overflow plants. Verticillin wilt is provoked by a fungus. Treatment should be immediate, as the fungus is transmitted to healthy shrubs.
Didimella or purple spotting
The disease is popular in areas where it often rains or damp accumulates. A plant can get sick in a protected greenhouse or greenhouse. It spreads quickly, but it is easy to identify the disease. The first sign is that dark spots appear on the leaves, and then on the stems.
The peak of activity occurs in July. The disease first affects older leaves, and then spreads to young ones. If you do not start to treat, then in a few months the disease will affect other cultures.
Anthracnose
A dangerous fungus that spreads quickly due to wind and insects. If the disease has been seen on other crops, all plants will have to be treated and prevented. The first sign of the disease can be detected visually, the appearance of small holes on the leaves indicates the presence of fungus.
When working with chemicals for treating plants, the gardener must wear a respirator, as if funds get into the lungs, there is a chance of an allergic reaction. At risk are plants such as:
- cucumbers
- grapes
- raspberry;
- potatoes;
- melon.
Ulcerative spotting
Not only raspberry shrubs, but also roses are at risk. Therefore, if an affected culture grows in the territory, then the disease will be transmitted along the chain. In this case, the gardener must take a series of preventive measures in order to stop the disease.
Ulcer spotting is expressed in the appearance of gray spots on the stem of young plants. Over time, they become harder, which leads to infection of the entire stem and death of the plant. The only right decision at the first stage of the development of the disease is to remove the affected parts and burn.
When working with the affected plant, gloves must be worn.
Raspberry Rust
Raspberry rust is one of the most common diseases that covers all territories. It is impossible to ignore the disease, since the affected bush can no longer produce a crop. The gardener will have to dig it out and burn it. Moreover, the disease is transmitted to other cultures.
It is not difficult to identify the disease, the first signs are noticeable on young leaves. They do not acquire a characteristic yellow hue. The yield and size of the berries is reduced due to the fact that the plant is trying to restore the leaves.
Root rot (or late blight)
Root rot is not a pleasant disease that is difficult to detect, since the symptoms are similar to a number of other diseases. Reason for occurrence:
- Damage to the roots when removing pests.
- Poor watering and glut soil.
The main disadvantage of the disease is that it destroys the plant in a short time if it is not treated. It is possible to identify only through a visual inspection of the soil. If the bush is located in a pit or lowland where rainwater is collected, watering should be limited and the ground dry.
The first symptoms that indicate the presence of the disease are sticky and wet stems. Root rot is a fungal disease that spreads to other crops.
Gray rot (or botritis)
A fungal disease that is transmitted through spores from a diseased plant is gray rot. If the site has at least one diseased plant, then it must be started immediately to treat. The disease is transmitted quickly, often occurs on the flowers of chrysanthemums and roses. Therefore, if a raspberry grows nearby, it should be protected in advance.
The main difference from other diseases is the presence of small gray spots on young leaves. Often occurs during seasonal rainy season. It is possible to get rid of mold only with the observance of agrotechnical measures.
Root cancer (or goiter)
An infectious disease that affects various varieties of raspberries every year. It is easy to identify the disease, it is enough to pay attention to the root part of the plant. The growth appears closer to the stem, in the early stages it has a small shape with a sawn egg.
It is necessary to treat the plant immediately, since the cancer is easily transmitted through the tools and unwashed hands of the gardener. If left untreated, by the end of the season the bush will completely die.
Curly Raspberries
Curly raspberries - this is a dangerous viral disease, which is expressed in wrinkling and curling leaves, over time, their edges turn yellow, become dry and brittle.
If the plant is not treated, by July the gardener should dig up a whole raspberry bush and burn it. The disease is easily transmitted to neighboring families, so if you value your harvest, it is better to treat it in the early stages.
Often the disease appears on plants that do not receive proper care. This may be due to an unsuccessful place for raspberries, or lack of watering and fertilizing the soil.
Sprouting raspberries
Among the people, the growth of raspberries is known as the "witch's broom." It is not difficult to identify the disease; more than 200 shoots appear on one young raspberry bush. The root system is not able to withstand such a load and provide young shoots with all the necessary substances.
Even if the bush survives a lack of nutrition, the crop will be low and frail. However, bushes affected by this disease can live up to 10 years. Therefore, there are several important nuances:
- In appearance, a healthy green bush will give a minimum amount of yield, which will lead to labor inefficiency.
- If a diseased plant is removed and the soil is not cultivated, the new plant will necessarily inherit the disease.
How to get rid of diseases and pests of raspberries?
Effective and timely treatment of your favorite plant will not only save the crop, but also save other crops from extinction. For this, the gardener must choose the right tool to combat the scourges of nature and insects.
What to choose: a folk or professional tool - the owner of the site should decide. However, before this, you should familiarize yourself with all the nuances.
Chemicals
Chemicals are effective, but it is not recommended to use them for processing while the first fruits appear. Often poisoning with your favorite berries and fruits is the result of untimely processing.
The desire to save the plant and the crop from death leads to improper use of chemicals. Experts recommend using chemicals as a preventative measure even before flowering. It is advisable to treat the stems and soil without touching the foliage.
After harvesting, experienced gardeners recommend using more powerful products to get rid of known pests. As an example, we can give a small list of effective tools:
- Fufanon;
- Fitosporin;
- Vitaros;
- Topsin-M.
Drugs help get rid of fungus, larvae and the occurrence of diseases of the root system. Raspberries need to be processed in early spring and late autumn.
Folk remedies
The use of folk remedies is effective if you need to help the plant immediately, and the use of chemistry is prohibited. Even a small spray of soda will get rid of a huge list of insects. A treatment with tincture of tobacco will scare away flies from raspberries and the invasion of cicadas.
The use of wood ash will save from the formation of fungus and mold. Even a small treatment with manganese will help get rid of the infection and the spread of a number of known diseases.
Folk remedies have a sparing effect on the fruit. Therefore, their use will not affect the health of the gardener. Many people choose folk remedies also because of their availability and low cost. For example, wood ash can be found in almost any country house.
Preventive actions
Compliance with agrotechnical rules will help prevent the appearance of diseases and insects:
- proper watering;
- weed removal;
- regular top dressing;
- the right choice of place for the raspberry.
This is only a small part of preventive measures that will help get rid of 70% of all problems.
In order to achieve a rich harvest, the gardener needs to take care of his raspberry and the plants that grow on its territory. If a hint of a disease or the presence of a harmful insect appears, first aid is necessary. In the future, this will help save the whole garden or garden.