Gardeners prefer to choose for their garden only the best varieties of cherries, characterized by good taste and marketability. The article discusses many popular varieties of cherries early and late ripening, and others.
Chocolate girl
Early ripening grade. One of the most popular varieties bred not so long ago. The variety was named for the bright and rich color of berries. Breeders managed to achieve a good result - the tree grows quickly, it is compact, practically does not get sick. In the selection, two varieties of cherries were used - Chernaya and Lyubskaya.
With proper care, fertilizing and pruning of old branches, a tree can live about 20 years. The fruits are round in shape, reach a diameter of up to 20 mm, weigh up to 3.5 g. The pulp is juicy, tender, sweet, with a slight acidity.
The variety is unpretentious and does not require special attention. For planting, it is recommended to choose the days in early April, when the juices begin to move, so the plant will take root better. The collection of the first fruits occurs 3 years after planting, by mid-summer. Good care will allow you to collect from 1 tree to 15 kg of juicy berries.
Miracle Cherry
One of the best hybrids obtained by crossing cherries. An early ripening variety developed by Russian breeders. The flowering period begins immediately after the warm spring weather stabilizes. The fruits are large, the weight of one berry reaches 9-10 g. The shape is flat-round, the skin is dark red, dense. The taste is excellent, sweet, without acid. The pulp smells nice.
The variety is characterized by high early maturity: single fruits are tied already in 2-3 year old seedlings, the tree begins to fully bear fruit from 4 years. Berries ripen annually, steadily. Cherries ripen by the end of June. From 1 tree it is possible to collect up to 10-15 kg of ripe fruits.
Experienced gardeners recommend planting plants in places that are protected from the winds and are exposed to sunlight. This will ensure proper development.
In memory of Mashkin
Fruits predominate in a rounded heart shape, the height of the berries reaches 1.8 cm, as well as thickness, length - 1.7 cm. The peel is red in color, the pulp is also medium density, juicy. Juice rich red color. One berry weighs 4.5-5 g. The pulp is tender, sweetish with a barely noticeable acidity.
Flowering occurs in mid-May. The fruits ripen in mid-July. The tree begins to bear fruit 3 years after planting. From one hectare, 40 to 66 centners of the crop are harvested.
The benefits include the good taste of the fruit, the resistance of the tree to cold and fungal diseases. Suitable for growing in the suburbs.
Kharitonovskaya
The mid-season variety was bred as a result of crossing Zhukovskaya and Almaz varieties in 1988. Cherry is characterized by a high and regular harvest. 20-25 kg of berries are harvested from one tree each year. Sweet and sour cherries.
The fruits are large, reaching up to 1.6 cm in diameter, up to 1.8 cm in height. The weight of one berry is equal to 5 g. The shape is round, the peel is of medium thickness, dark red. The pulp is tender, juicy, red-orange. The juice is light red.
In the southern and central regions, it is recommended to plant cherries in the fall - in October. In the middle lane, it is desirable to carry out the landing procedure in early spring, after the frost has left.
Bystrynka
Mid-season dwarf variety bred as a result of crossing cherries Zhukovskaya and Cinderella. The advantages of the variety include high resistance to frost, minimized risk of freezing of flower buds.
The fruits ripen in early July. They have an oval shape, weight varies from 3.6-4.3 g. The peel is dense, burgundy, the pulp is juicy and tender.
The planting of seedlings of the Bystrinka variety occurs in the autumn or spring. Young trees planted in the spring, take root better and grow faster, they are also protected from freezing. Before landing, they must select a good place where the sun constantly shines, and there are no strong winds.
Vladimirskaya
In the middle zone of Russia, the variety appeared at the beginning of the 12th century; it was brought by wandering monks. They began to grow these trees on the slopes near the monasteries. The fruits are black and red in color, medium and small in size, weigh up to 3.5 g. The berries have a flat-round shape, slightly flattened on the sides. The pulp is fleshy, dark cherry, small gray spots on the peel. The taste is sweet and sour, but the berries are more sour than sweet.
Mid-season variety - from flowering to picking berries takes 60-65 days. Harvested no later than mid-July. If this is not done on time, the berries will begin to crumble. A few years after planting, fruits begin to appear. The yield is not bad - 25-30 kg of cherries from one plant.
Frost
Not so long ago, a popular variety bred by Russian breeders who managed to achieve good performance. Freezing is described as a mid-season frost-resistant variety, due to which the name was obtained. Berries are characterized by good taste and rich aroma. The fruits are round in shape, large in size, their weight is about 5 g. Cherries are slightly concave at the base. The flesh and peel are bright red. The pulp is loose, tender, juicy, with a slight sour taste.
Berries begin to be harvested in the early to mid-summer. The plant bears fruit 3-4 years after planting a young tree. Productivity is high - up to 35 kg of cherries are removed from one tree.
The variety has increased resistance not only to frost, but also to drought, resistant to such a disease as coccomycosis. In autumn, seedlings are planted only in the southern regions, and mostly planted in the spring before the buds open. A pit for planting begins to be prepared in the fall.
Turgenevka
Mid-season variety. When the fruit ripens, their shape becomes wide-hearted, and the size is large. One berry weighs up to 5 g. Maroon peel and dense, juicy pulp give the berry an unusual sweet and sour, pleasant taste and pronounced aroma. The pulp is slightly lighter than the peel.
After planting a sapling, 4-5 years pass when the tree is ready for fruiting. The fruits are harvested in early to mid-July. Crops are small - on average, from one tree, the gardener will be able to get up to 10-12 kg of berries. Adult plants please double more, giving 20-25 kg of berries.
With proper care, the tree will develop correctly, the berries ripen faster. Frequent watering is required - at least 1 time per week. Under one plant, 2-3 buckets of water are poured.
Baby
An early ripe variety was bred by Russian breeders and included in the State Register in 1995. Fruits of the same size and shape, weigh about 5 g, have a flattened shape. The peel is loose, dark red, the flesh of the same shade, juicy, sweet.
Fruiting occurs 3-4 years after planting seedlings. Gardeners receive about 15 kg of fruit from one adult tree. Trees begin to bloom in mid-May, ripen after June 20. In the southern regions, seedlings are planted in the fall, until mid-October, in the north - in the spring, in late April and early May.
The Baby variety is sensitive to lighting, therefore it is recommended to choose a place where the site will not be obscured by structures. Trees grow well, are resistant to diseases and pests.
Memory of Yenikeyev
Self-made variety. The berries are large, their weight reaches up to 5 g. The shape is oval with a wide core of a dark red hue. The flesh is the same shade, the density is medium. The berry juice is dark red. One tree gives from 8 to 15 kg of ripe cherries, depending on age. Fruiting begins 3-4 years after planting a seedling. The ripening of fruits is simultaneous.
This is a mid-early variety, harvesting occurs in mid-summer, in some areas cherries ripen by the end of June. For planting, gardeners recommend choosing well-lit areas, preferably near structures - this helps to increase resistance to frost.
Planting seedlings is recommended in the spring, preferably in April. It is also allowed to carry out the procedure until September.
Apukhtinskaya
Self-fertile grade. The name was obtained due to the place of origin - the village of Apukhta. Today it has not been included in the State Register, but the variety is actively cultivated in Russia. The advantages of the Apukhtinsky variety include good frost resistance and unpretentiousness.
The fruits have a flattened shape, dark red, thin peel. The pulp is dense, red. One berry weighs 3.5-4 g. The taste is sour, the aroma is cherry, saturated.
Landing is recommended in the early spring, after thawing the soil and until the soil blooms. It is permissible to plant seedlings in the fall, but only in the southern regions. For the correct and good development of the seedling, fertile soils are chosen.
Plant care involves watering, pruning and feeding.
Cinderella
The fruits are of medium size, weigh about 4 g. Cherries are characterized by a round-oval shape, light red skin and the same color of flesh.
The fruits have a sweet and sour flesh, juicy, not tart. The aroma is pronounced, saturated. The juice smells nice, light in color, with a slight acid.
Flower buds and plants are resistant to frost. The variety is rarely exposed to fungal diseases. Gardeners receive from one adult tree up to 15 kg of juicy berries. Ripening occurs in mid-July. A variety popular for the Moscow Region.
Zhukovskaya
This is a mid-ripening variety, characterized by large berries, reaching a weight of 4-7 g. The fruits are oval in shape, roundish in base, elongated tips. The peel, pulp and juice dominate maroon. The stone is large, but easily separated from the pulp. Dense pulp structure and juiciness are the main advantages of the variety. The taste is sweet and sour, somewhat similar to cherries.
The benefits include a good yield - up to 30 kg of fruits are harvested from an adult tree. The variety is resistant to shedding, has good immunity to ring spotting and coccomycosis.
Fruiting of cherries begins at 4-5 years after planting. Harvest in the middle of summer. If the season turned out to be rainy and cool, fees are carried forward to August.
Ural ruby
The fruits are medium sized, weigh about 3.2 g. The shape is round, the skin is dark red, the taste is sweet-sour, but more sweet. Ripening occurs in the first half of August. The plant begins to bear fruit 3 years after planting a seedling.
The variety is characterized by average productivity, from one plant they receive up to 6 kg of ripe berries, but with the best possible care and favorable conditions, the indicator can increase to 15 kg. Trees withstand temperatures below 30-35 degrees below zero. The variety is suitable for growing in the Urals and Siberia.
Planting a seedling is carried out in the spring, during the budding period, or until mid-October. But it is better to do this in the spring, because after the procedure in the fall, a young seedling can die from frost. A sapling is planted where there is a lot of sunlight. It is important to choose a place without stagnation of groundwater, on loose, light loamy soil.
Shpanka
Early ripening variety obtained through long and painstaking work. Breeders mixed different species for a long time, and only by crossing cherries and cherries did they manage to obtain a Spank hybrid. He appeared more than 200 years ago.
The tree is dominated by large burgundy berries with a glossy surface, weighing up to 5 g. Sometimes the fruits have a brown peel. The crop appears on bouquet branches and growth of 1 year. Berries in shape resemble those of cherries: they are slightly flattened, do not exceed 1 cm in diameter, a barely noticeable furrow in the middle. The pulp is yellow, juicy, the consistency is uniform. The berries taste good, a little sour.
A tree is planted depending on the area: in the south, a seedling is planted in September-October, in regions with moderate weather in the spring (April-May). Shpanka is an unpretentious variety with which gardeners rarely have problems.
Ob
The variety was bred by Russian breeders. The plant is multi-stemmed, reaches a height of no more than one and a half meters. The fruits are medium in size - one berry weighs 3.2-4 g. The shape is round-heart-shaped, dark red peel. The pulp and juice are dominated by a light red tint. The taste is sweet-sour, not tart. The aroma is pronounced.
Ripening occurs in mid-late July. The variety is characterized by high resistance to drought. The disadvantages include a strong lesion of coccomycosis. Of the advantages, good propagation is distinguished by green cuttings.
Only 1.7-3.8 kg of berries are collected from one bush, but the advantage is that they have excellent taste and attractive appearance. Gardeners prefer to grow such a variety in cold regions of the country.
Lyubskaya
Late-ripening variety. Ripe fruits acquire a dark red skin, but its color may vary depending on the intensity of photosynthesis. Under a thin glossy skin, juicy pulp of the same shade. The stone is small, easily separated from the pulp. Cherries are oval-rounded, weighing no more than 4 g. They usually grow in groups of 2-4 berries. The taste is good, sweet and sour.
Seedlings are best planted on a hill, choosing a site facing south or south-west. In such areas, moisture and good air exchange do not stagnate. After selecting a site, it is prepared in advance.
The main advantages of the variety include a high level of potential productivity, resistance to long transportation.
A meeting
In 1996, Russian breeders managed to get a hybrid by crossing Lyubskaya cherries and a Kiev-19 hybrid of cherries and cherries.
The fruits are characterized by large sizes, one berry weighs about 10 g, some can reach 15 g. Cherry has a slightly flattened spherical shape. The stone is medium in size, well separated from the tender, juicy pulp. The peel is dense, dark red.
The tree begins to bloom in mid-April-early May, the fruits ripen in late June. Fruiting occurs 3-4 years after planting. From one adult tree, up to 20 kg of cherries are harvested, sometimes gardeners get the maximum amount of yield - up to 25-28 kg.
Generous
The late-ripening variety was bred as a result of random pollination of the annual seedlings of Ideal. Pollination involved cherries of various species, including steppe. The berries are not very large, their weight reaches 3-5 g. The skin is dark red, round in shape, do not crack when overripe. The flesh is slightly watery, sweet and sour, the aroma is pronounced. The stone is large, easy to detach.
The variety was named for a good yield - up to 10-15 kg of ripe berries are removed from one bush. Fruiting begins 3-4 years after planting. Flowering occurs in the last days of May, berries ripen in late summer and early autumn.
For planting, spring is considered the best time. The variety is unpretentious, undemanding to the composition of the soil, but it is better to choose for planting areas on high ground, dry, with light sandy soil. The site should be well lit and without shading. For cherries choose places protected from the north winds.
Anthracite
Dwarf, partially self-fertile variety, which allows even in the absence of pollinators to get a good harvest. To achieve maximum fertility of the tree will be possible when planting varieties of Chocolate or Night nearby. Young trees begin to bear fruit 3-4 years after planting a seedling. Tree growth lasts no more than 15-18 years. Proper care will ensure annual harvesting of up to 18 kg of fruit from one adult tree.
The fruits are tied at last year’s growth. Ripening occurs in the second half of July. Cherries are heart-shaped, the peel of a dark cherry is almost black, thin and at the same time dense.The pulp is dark red, uniform, tastes sweet-sour, saturated.
Cherry planting occurs in early spring, especially in the northern regions. In the southern regions, it is permissible to plant the Anthracite variety both in autumn and spring.
Youth
Russian breeders worked hard to create a new early ripe variety, crossing two cherries - Vladimir and Lyubskaya. The Youth variety was listed in the State Register in 1993. The height of the tree does not exceed 2.5 meters. Harvest ripens by mid-July. Gardeners collect a little from one plant - 10-12 kg of berries.
The shape of the fruit is oblong, the weight reaches 5 g. The flesh is juicy, but at the same time dense, dark red in color. Cherries are not astringent in taste, do not leave discomfort, the taste is sweet and sour. The variety is resistant to mechanical damage and long-term transportation - during transportation does not lose commercial and taste qualities.
It is recommended to carry out the procedure of planting a seedling in an elevated area - on a low hill, where there are no strong winds and burning sun. It is advisable to choose sandy loam soils with neutral acidity.
Robin
Late-ripening variety. Fruits are formed on last year's growths. Cherry saturated red. The berries are small, but not small, weigh 3-4 g. Inside, a small seed, which is easily separated from the pulp. Juicy, firm flesh, with dark red juice. The taste is pleasant, slightly sour.
This is a late ripening variety - the fruits appear at the end of July. But at the same time it is characterized by high productivity - 10-14 tons are collected from 1 ha.
The advantages of the variety include increased resistance to frost, high commercial quality, good taste and unpretentiousness in care.
Consumer goods Black
The variety was bred by Michurin himself. This is a low tree, attracting an unusual kind of fruit, famous for its good taste. The advantages include early maturity: the first crop is harvested a year after planting a seedling. Cherries ripen in early July.
The peel of the fruit is dominated by a black tint, shiny surface. The shape is heart-shaped, slightly flattened on the sides. The pulp is tender, sweet, with a pleasant acidity. The weight of one fruit reaches 4.2 g. The juice is characterized by a rich dark shade.
Planting is recommended in a well-lit area - this will avoid reducing the sugar content of berries. It is better if the plant is planted next to country houses, where they protect it from cold winds. Planting is carried out in the spring - for the bare root, from spring to September - for plants from containers.
Volochaevka
The variety was developed back in the 80s of the last century. But they registered it in the State Register of Russia only in 1997. The fruits are medium, sometimes large specimens come across, weight does not exceed 4 g. The peel and juice of cherries prevail in a rich red tint. The pulp is dense and juicy at the same time, sweet and sour, aromatic.
Flowering begins in May. Full ripeness of fruits occurs in the second half of July, less often at the beginning of the month, as for the southern regions.
Fruiting occurs 4-5 years after planting. The yield of such a plant can vary between 9-10 kg per plant.
Lighthouse
The berries are round, with flattened sides. The cherries are large, weigh about 4-6 g, have a dark red peel and a slightly bright flesh. The fruits are juicy, sweet, acid is practically absent. The stone is easily separated from the pulp. Fruiting occurs 3-4 years after planting. Ripening is not simultaneous; the process lasts from late July to early August.
On average, about 10-15 kg of berries are collected from one bush, sometimes more. The variety has good resistance to frost, tolerates temperatures up to -30-35 degrees. The Mayak variety is also resistant to drought.
For planting, choose a warm place with well-drained, sandy, or loamy soil. It is undesirable to plant a seedling in lowlands, and places with a close occurrence of groundwater. During the first year, it is important to water the plant, mulch and loosen the soil, but not to fertilize. The Mayak variety is a good choice for growing in cold regions (Ural, Siberia).
Garland
Trees tolerate frosts well, but flower buds often suffer from low temperatures. The weight of one berry reaches 6 g. The fruits can be heart-shaped or round in shape with flattened sides. The peel is dark cherry, the flesh is bright red, there are small white veins. The pulp is juicy, fleshy, sour-sweet taste.
Up to 50 kg of berries can be obtained from one adult cherry in a favorable season. Usually 25-45 kg of cherries are removed. Berries are used mainly for making compote, juice, jam. But a high vitamin content suggests that it is better to consume fresh cherries.
Seedlings are planted in the spring, when the soil is well warmed up. A rich and tasty crop is facilitated by the timely application of fertilizing and regular watering. The variety is suitable for cultivation in the southern regions.
Mtsenskaya
The dwarf variety was bred by Russian breeders who crossed two cherries - Zhukovskaya and Lyubskaya. The variety was entered in the State Register of Russia in 2005. The fruits are characterized by medium size, rounded shape, dark red skin. The weight of one berry does not exceed 4 g, height - 1.67 cm, width - 1.4 cm. The pulp is dark red, juicy, tender, without astringency and strong acid. The juice is dark red.
The plant begins to bloom in mid-May. Ripening occurs in late July. The fruiting of the Mtsenskaya cherry variety occurs 4 years after planting a seedling. From 1 ha, 49 to 74 centners of ripe berries are harvested.
Advantages of the variety include resistance to drought, increased resistance to diseases such as coccomycosis and moniliosis, rarely attacked by pests.
Altai swallow
The plant is low, with many trunks. Fruits are characterized by a round, symmetrical shape, slightly flattened from above. Cherries are small, their weight does not exceed 3 g. Peel and flesh of a dark red color. The fruits are juicy, dense and sweet and sour in taste, with a rich aroma.
Ripening occurs in late July. The variety is characterized by resistance to drought. It withstands long-distance transportation, the variety is resistant to such a disease as coccomycosis. The advantages include the possibility of growing varieties in the northern regions of Russia.
Planted in early spring, in mid-April. For planting, it is recommended to choose well-lit areas with sandy or sandy loamy soil. Fruiting occurs 4 years after planting a seedling. The average yield from the bush is 3.9 kg, the maximum - 8.4 kg.
Griot of Moscow
The main advantage of this variety is its high yield and increased frost resistance: the variety is specially zoned for the capital and the Moscow region. The tree is small, does not exceed three meters in height. The berries are small, their weight reaches 3.5 g. The peel is dark red, with light enlightenment on one side.
The pulp is juicy, dark red, sweet and sour. Mass ripening of cherries occurs in the second half of July. From one plant, gardeners collect up to 16 kg of ripe berries. The fruiting period begins at 4-5 years after planting a seedling.
It is recommended to start planting seedlings in the spring, after pruning the branches, but without hooking the roots.
Tamaris
After prolonged treatment of seedlings of the Shirpotrebnaya Chernaya variety with the chemical mutagen EI in the seedling stage, breeders received a new low-growing variety Tamaris. The fruits are large, rounded, have a dark red skin and juicy, sweet and sour flesh. They taste sweeter than sour. This variety is suitable for growing in the suburbs.
Ripening occurs in mid-July and early August. Fruiting occurs 2 or 3 years after planting. Harvest quickly. From one plant leaves up to 10 kg, from 1 ha to 80 kg of berries. The plant has a lifespan of more than 20 years. Seedlings are planted in spring and autumn. During spring planting, the procedure is carried out before the buds open on the seedling (in April). During an autumn landing, the event should take place no later than October.
For planting, choose a well-lit and ventilated area with loose, light loamy soil.
Ashinskaya
The variety recommended for cultivation in the northern part of Russia. Fruits are characterized by large sizes, their weight reaches up to 5 g each. The shape is round, flattened, the skin is dark red in color, somewhat reminiscent of unripe cherries. The flesh is burgundy, juicy, soft. The peel is dense. During removable ripeness, the berries are freely separated from the stem. The taste is sweet, with a slight acidity.
The tree begins to bear fruit for 4-5 years after planting, but the plant's lifespan is high - 30-35 years.
The late-ripening Ashinskaya variety allows harvesting fruits only at the end of July, and it is advisable to remove fully ripened cherries in the first half of August. Productivity is high, stable. From one adult tree receive up to 12 kg of fruit. From 1 ha, on average, about 10 tons of quality products are obtained.
Other varieties
Other popular varieties that have won the sympathy of gardeners are also distinguished. These include the following:
- Zaranka. A low tree, a pyramidal crown. The fruits are medium sized, the skin is dark red, the flesh too. It is characterized by good taste. The stone is easily separated from the pulp.
- Toy. A plant with a crown in the form of a ball. Variety with low resistance to frost, but increased resistance to drought. The fruits are large, the peel is red. The pulp is juicy, tender, watery. This is a medium-yielding variety.
- In memory of Vavilov. A tall plant with a pyramidal crown. Berries with a dark skin, large in size. The pulp is tender. Productivity on top.
- Podbelsky. A tall plant with dense foliage, a crown with a rounded shape changes to a flat-round. The variety is distinguished for the external characteristics of the berries and their good taste. Large fruits are saturated red in color, the flesh is tender and fibrous. From 1 plant collect up to 110 kg of fruit.
- Minx. A medium-sized, but fast-growing tree, on which cherries ripen with a dark red peel and juicy pulp with a refreshing taste. The variety is resistant to drought and frost.
- Star Asterisk. A tree with a pyramidal crown. Steadily cope with low temperatures. The fruits are medium in size, the peel is red. The pulp is tender, the taste is sweet and sour. Productivity is good.
- Brunette. A medium-sized plant characterized by moderate frost resistance. The crown has a spherical shape. Fruits are rounded, small, slightly flattened. The peel is maroon, the flesh is tender. Small bone is easily separated from the pulp.
- Bulatnikovskaya. The plant is low, thickened crown. The variety is resistant to low temperatures. The berries are dark, the pulp is sweet and sour, dense.
- Rossoshanskaya black. The crown of the tree has a pyramidal or stack-like shape. Berries with fleshy, tasty pulp and almost black skin. The advantages include resistance to long haulage, resistance to cold climates.
Comparative characteristics table varieties
The table shows the ripening period and size of the fruit:
Grade name | Precocity | Fruit size |
Chocolate girl | early ripening | up to 3.5 g |
Shpanka | early ripening | up to 5 g |
Miracle Cherry | early ripening | 9-10 g |
Baby | early ripening | 5 g |
Memory of Yenikeyev | medium early (self-fertile) | up to 5 g |
Zhukovskaya | mid-season | 4-7 g |
Kharitonovskaya | mid-season | up to 5 g |
Vladimirskaya | mid-season | up to 3.5 g |
Frost | mid-season | 5 g |
Turgenevka | mid-season | up to 5 g |
Lyubskaya | late ripening | 4 g |
Generous | late ripening | 3-5 g |
Robin | late ripening | 3-4 g |
Consumer goods Black | early ripening | 4.2 g |
Volochaevka | mid-season | 4 g |
A meeting | early ripening | 10 g |
Anthracite | mid-season | up to 5 g |
Youth | early ripening | up to 5 g |
Bystrynka | mid-season | 3.6-4.3 g |
Mtsenskaya | mid-season | 4 g |
Griot of Moscow | mid-season | 3.5 g |
Tamaris | mid-season | up to 5 g |
This table shows the varieties that are better suited for certain regions of Russia:
Grade name | For which region? |
Cinderella | Moscow region |
In memory of Mashkin | Moscow region |
Sasha | Southern regions |
Ob | Northern regions |
Apukhtinskaya | Southern regions |
Ural ruby | Ural, Siberia |
Lighthouse | Ural, Siberia |
Garland | Southern regions |
Altai swallow | Northern regions |
Ashinskaya | Northern regions |
There are numerous varieties of cherries, most of them high yielding. When planting seedlings, it is imperative to choose suitable sites, with lighting and protection from the winds. Proper care will ensure the health of the plant, as well as obtaining delicious berries for further consumption.
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